Free Press Notes

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Free Press 
If a country has free press it means in the newspaper the publishers are allowed to express the opinions they want, even if these opinions criticize the government.

This differs from television/media who have to express both sides whereas newspapers can express whichever they want.

In the Uk the press is free; when we look at the news (papers/website) it will be opinionated and we are able to break down.
After the 2011 phone-hacking scandal; where the sun hacked celebrities' phones and leaked their messages. Lord Leveson made a major report on this and then a new press regulator IPSO was set up. The aim of this was to make sure the press is more regulated.
The downside of free press could be that they influence the audience. 

News Corp:
  • Owned by Rupert Murdoch
  • Part of UK Newspaper group; one big large global conglomerate
  • Own popular papers such as The Sun and The Times
  • His children also work for this group
  • They're very right-winged; support conservatives. 
Rightwing more about business and economics, Leftwing more about equality, for the people.

Left Winged:

  • Making fun of Boris
  • ''Get Brexit Done''
  • Humourous Image
  • Questioning his abilities


Right Winged:

  • ''On Yer Bike''
  • Making fun of Corbyn
  • Humourous Image - Tying to headline
  • Critical of him
The UK press is broadly thought to be right-winged, below is a survey done in 2017 about the press:

The Daily Mail is seen as Britain's most right-winged paper. At the other end, The Guardian is Britain's most left-winged, right next to The Mirror.

Media Representation:
  • The Guardian is owned by an independent trust called 'The Scott Trust'
  • This is a unique ownership structure; free of commercial pressures.
  • Created in 1936, to secure financial and editorial of journalism. 
  • And to safeguard the journalistic freedom and liberal values of The Guardian from political interference.
  • Group of people who all have equal foundation in the trust.
  • Different people from different backgrounds 
  • Reader Funding Model; if you pay for a subscription you can not only avoid adverts but interact via comments as well. 
  • Daily Mail is skeptical of the European Union, for Brexit
  • Supports a free market economy and British traditions such as the royal family
  • Oligopoly - Ownership is concentrated in the hands of very few powerful individuals such as Lord Rothemere who owns the Daily Mail or Murdoch who owns Times/Sun.
  • This could become hegemonic (owned by the audience)
  • Daily Mail will choose popular pieces rather than in-depth political pieces, or celebrities' news.
  • Can argue that Curran and Seaton's theory is supported by Daily Mail - In the UK newspapers are owned by a small number of rich white men who want to make money and influence people but lack responsibility; C&S state that if these men have that power of people's opinions they should be able to use it responsibly. Newspapers just about business not making money


Elections & Press:
  • During the 1992 election, when the conservatives won they claimed that they won because of The Sun.
  • They supported Margaret Thatcher and she won, this is similar to their Labour support with Tony Blair.
  • Whoever The Sun supports win.
  • Does the Sun influence voters?  - Only reaching out to one older demographic.

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